In recent years, much more attentions have been focused on siRNA-based gene therapy. This approach is based on PTGS (Post-transcriptional gene silencing). Due to some defects in viral vectors, non-viral vectors have been used to deliver nucleic acids into target cells. Although, transfection efficiency in non-viral vectors is less than viral ones, but safety of non-viral vectors is much more. Characteristic features of siRNA, such as high compatibility, application in low doses and its versatility make it suitable in the gene therapy field. However, some challenges, such as stimulating immune system and Off-target silencing will be remain. In this review article, we express bottlenecks existing in siRNA DELIVERY into target cells. According to the INFORMATION, with further development of siRNA DELIVERY in the future, it could be a promising approach in treatment for a variety of genetic diseases.

Introduction: Evaluation of hospital INFORMATION system (HIS) is a complex endeavor, in which all human, technical and organizational aspects should be considered. This study aimed to develop indicators for HIS evaluation.Methods: Present qualitative study was carried out through a cross-sectional method in 2012 in Kerman province, using Delphi technique. Given the objectives of this study, three independent phases were performed including literature review, providing draft indicators for HIS evaluation and reaching consensus. Required data were obtained through interviews and designed forms. Twenty-three experts composed the study population in interview and reaching consensus phases. Validity and reliability were confirmed through content validity and test-retest method, respectively. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics.Results: Final set of indicators for HIS evaluation consisted of ninety-one indicators under 8 main topics, i.e. technical quality, software quality, architecture and interface quality, vendor quality, after-sale services quality, workflow support quality, support department, outcome quality and HIS cost.Conclusion: Given the complexity of INFORMATION system evaluation, all human, technical and organizational aspects have to be taken into account in any evaluation. Proposed indicators provide the possibility of comprehensive evaluation of HIS.

Objective(s): Taking the importance of end-users' satisfaction in the overall success of a HIS, this study was performed to assess their attitudes in different hospitals in Tehran.Methods: Interviews were made with officials of 20 hospitals in Tehran. Research tool was a questionnaire in 8 parts. Results: Sixty three officials entered into the study. The average age was 40.7 years and 62.1% were male. 80.5% of the respondents indicated that they were satisfied or very satisfied with HIS in their hospitals. In general several factors found to be important to the HIS users. These were: better communication and quicker and more effective access to data, reports and outputs, organization management, resources, proper training for managers and users, compliance assessment inside the organization, ease of learning and implementation, effective support, and ease of use. Conclusion: The development of hospital INFORMATION systems in Iran is in its early stages and despite their considerable progresses during recent years, they still require more investment in order to satisfy the administrators' and end users' expections.

Introduction: Recall and precision are two indicators for evaluating INFORMATION retrieval system’s efficiency and performance. The aim of the present study was to compare the recall and precision of Iranmedex, Magiran and SID databases for retrieval of scholarly INFORMATION in the domain of pharmacy.Methods: This work is an analytical study that, in this was used from comparison method and direct observation by end user. The population was articles retrieved from the Web sites of Iranmedex, Magiran & SID databases. Data collection tool was checklist that validity was confirmed by experts of LIS. First, Keywords were listed from two numbers 7 & 8 of Twenty-first volume Journal of Behavioral pharmacology; And Keywords associated with this field were determined by Pharmacy specialists. Ten selected keywords searched in 3 databases. Then retrieved results were refer to Pharmacy specialists for identify relevant records. The obtained data were analyzed with descriptive statistics (frequency), (χ2) and SPSS 11.5 software at the significant level of P<0.05.Results: Retrieved records of Iranmedex database were 615, from Magiran 375 and SID was 116 records. Iranmedex dominated the top positions when comparing relative recall (39%) and SID revealed reliable precision in the output (55.1%). Iranmedex and Magiran database have had more overlap (219 records).Conclusion: The results are tips for Pharmacy specialists to choose database for retrieval of scholarly INFORMATION, if recall is important for they, choose Iranmedex and if high precision is important, need to use the SID database.

This paper aims at analyzing farmers’ responses on quality of agricultural INFORMATION services provided by public and private sources. The study is based on primary survey of 461 farmers in eight districts of Uttar Pradesh, India, using a structured questionnaire. Farmers’ responses on quality of agricultural INFORMATION services from public and private sources were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) technique. Findings of the study indicate that private sector INFORMATION DELIVERY sources provide significantly better quality INFORMATION to the farming communities as compared to public sector INFORMATION DELIVERY systems. The results have far reaching implications for designing successful INFORMATION and extension DELIVERY models by the public, private or by collaborative efforts of the public and the private sector for better extension services DELIVERY.

It is not simple for women to decide the type of DELIVERY and this decision-making would be affected by various factors. The present study is a sectional study seeking to review the data resources regarding the choice of DELIVERY type in pregnant women who visit Tehran’s hospitals. The subjects of the study were 1000 pregnant women attending to Tehran’s hospitals for DELIVERY. The Data were gathered by review and questionnaire. The result of the study showed that 4.1% of pregnant women received their INFORMATION about DELIVERY type from Radio and Television, 14.7% from family and 13.3% from health participants. There was also a significant statistical connection between job (p=0.001), education level (p=0.001), mothers age (p=0.001), type of the hospital (p=0.001), fear of natural DELIVERY (p=0.032) and the resource of INFORMATION. According to the connection between various factors and INFORMATION resources, it seems that giving appropriate INFORMATION by health participants can play a significant role in promoting the knowledge and view of mothers in this regard.